A walkover advances a player to the next round without a match occurring. Every record system then has to decide what, if anything, happened.
Nothing was contested
A walkover is declared before play begins, so no score exists, no statistics are generated, and there is no result in the ordinary sense.
The player advances because the draw requires someone to advance, not because a contest was won. The distinction is substantive rather than technical.
This is why most head-to-head records omit walkovers entirely. Counting one as a victory would attribute an outcome to a match that never took place.
The draw records it anyway
The published draw sheet shows the advancement, since a bracket with a gap would be unreadable. The notation marks it as a walkover rather than a score.
That notation is the record. It documents that progression occurred without a match, which is exactly the information a bare bracket would lose.
Historical draw sheets are consequently a better source on walkovers than results databases, which often normalize the entry away.
Ranking and prize money treat it as progression
The advancing player receives the points and prize money for the round reached, because those are awarded on position in the draw.
This creates the situation where a career record shows no win but a tournament result shows a quarter-final appearance, both accurately.
Readers comparing the two and finding a discrepancy are usually looking at a walkover, though nothing on either page says so.
Retirements are treated oppositely
A retirement mid-match produces a partial score and is generally counted as a win and a loss, because play occurred and a result was reached.
The line between the two categories is a single point played. A player who serves once and retires has generated a result; one who withdraws minutes earlier has not.
Because the consequences differ, the timing of a withdrawal decision has record-keeping effects that have nothing to do with the injury.
Why the conventions never unified
Different bodies maintain rankings, tournament records and historical archives, and each adopted the convention that suited its purpose.
Unifying them would require one of those purposes to be subordinated, and none of the parties has an incentive to do that.
The result is a sport whose records are individually coherent and collectively inconsistent, with walkovers as the clearest example.

